Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. It is produced in two-stage process.
First, iron ore is reduced or smelted with coke and limestone in a blast furnace, producing molten iron which is either cast into pig iron or carried to the next stage as molten iron.
In the second stage, known as steel making, impurities such as sulpur, phosphorus, and excess carbon are removed and alloying elements such as manganese, nickel, chromium and vanadium added to produce the exact steel required.
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